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Vatican City in World War II
Vatican City pursued a policy of neutrality during World War II, under the leadership of Pope Pius XII. Although the city of Rome was occupied by Germany from 1943 and the Allies from 1944, Vatican City itself was not occupied. The Vatican organised extensive humanitarian aid throughout the duration of the conflict.
==Background==
The Lateran Treaty of 1929 with Italy recognized the sovereignty of Vatican City. It declared Vatican City a neutral country in international relations, and required the Pope to abstain even from mediation unless requested by all parties. In 1939, the city state was recognized by thirty-eight nations, with a diplomatic corps of thirteen full ambassadors and twenty-five ministers.〔Morley, 1980, page 8〕
The prevailing view in the Vatican was that the treaty's clause prohibiting the Pope from entering Italian politics prohibited the condemnation of Italian military aggression, visited on Albania on Good Friday 1939.〔Chadwick, 1988, pp. 58-59〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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